COVID-19’s Impact on Food Security among Urban Refugee Youth in Kenya: A Postcolonial Feminist Perspective

Abstract

This study analyzes the experiences of urban refugee communities, more specifically, the
challenges young South Sudanese refugees living in Kenya face. We divert from the
comprehensive examination of refugees in camps to focus on urban youth amid Kenya’s refugee
policy changes and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. With the support of South Sudanese
community leaders, our study engaged 58 participants – 42 males and 16 females. Participants
engaged in semi-structured discussions about food security and other daily challenges related to
their urban refugee experience. This study draws on postcolonial feminist theory to contextualize
the gender-specific dimensions of food insecurity, centering analysis on discussing historical
power structures, migration patterns, urbanism theory, and geopolitical influences contributing to
the experiences of South Sudanese urban refugee youth in Kenya. Study participants, irrespective
of location, encountered corruption, limiting policies, and conflicting identity formation, with
women specifically highlighting self-identity, dignity, and family as critical to supporting their
resilience. Participants emphasized the impact of COVID-19 on community cohesion, particularly
in shared meals. However, their agency was hindered by movement restrictions, invisible fences,
or barriers exacerbated by unequal support and aid distribution. The research advocates for the
formulation of clear African contextualized urban-based policies and migration systems that
prioritize the needs of urban refugees, safeguarding their rights and upholding human dignity.
Collaborative engagement with all stakeholders within local communities, especially youth
refugees, is necessary to develop effective urban policies that promote stability, economic
advancement, and social integration.